11/30/2023 0 Comments Vestibular and auditory system![]() ![]() However, the hair cells show a normal development of potassium channels, resulting in accumulation of potassium between type I hair cells and their calyx afferent terminals with hair cell depolarization. This suggests an abnormal vesicular transmission. ![]() show that the calcium current is about 20% of the normal value in both cochlear inner hair cells and type I and II vestibular hair cells. Using patch clamp recording from hair cells in these mice, Manca et al. Interestingly, loss of Ca V1.3 in a KO mouse model results in deafness, but no clear signs of imbalance. This is in contrast to fast and large multivesicular quantal synaptic transmission between inner hair cells and afferent terminals in the cochlea (Keen and Hudspeth, 2006 Grant et al., 2010, 2011 Rutherford et al., 2012 Huang and Moser, 2018 Niwa et al., 2021). There is also a non-quantal method of synaptic transmission present in the vestibular periphery, between type I hair cells and their calyx terminals, which is due to accumulation of potassium ions and glutamate (Contini et al., 2012, 2017, 2020 Songer and Eatock, 2013 Sadeghi et al., 2014). Typically, depolarization of hair cells results in opening of voltage sensitive calcium channels (Ca V1.3) and entrance of calcium into the cell, which then activates calcium-sensitive mechanisms of vesicular release of glutamate from the hair cell onto afferent terminals. ![]() Below is a brief review of the topics addressed by articles in this collection. One of the aims was also to provide a comparison between vestibular and auditory systems through these articles. This Research Topic highlights some of the recent advances in the auditory and vestibular fields, with both original research and review articles. While Tmc2 is only transiently expressed in the developing cochlea, its expression persists in vestibular hair cells (Kawashima et al., 2011). For example, transmembrane channel-like Tmc1 and Tmc2 are expressed in auditory and vestibular hair cells of the inner ear where they form the pore of the mechanotransduction channel (Kawashima et al., 2011 Pan et al., 2013). While the auditory and vestibular sensory organs in the inner ear have a common evolutionary origin and share many features, the two systems also have many differences that specializes them for appropriate coding of different sensory modalities. Hair cells convert mechanical input into electro-chemical signals (Corey and Hudspeth, 1979) which are transmitted to and interpreted by the central nervous system. At the core of the inner ear sensory organs are hair cells capable of detecting nanometer-scale motion induced by movement of the endolymph, either by sound or head movement. ![]()
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